Before trying any fixes, verify that your device is actually in EDL (Emergency Download) mode.
Note: If you see QHSUSB__BULK under "Other Devices" with a yellow warning triangle, your drivers are not installed correctly. This is the most common cause. Proceed to Solution 1 below.
QFIL does not always automatically select the correct port. qfil failed to open com port handle
Before giving up, rule out hardware:
To fix the error, diagnose the root cause first. The issue usually falls into one of four categories: Before trying any fixes, verify that your device
Now, let's fix it.
If the driver is correct but QFIL still fails, something else is using the port. Note: If you see QHSUSB__BULK under "Other Devices"
Test: After closing all other tools, restart QFIL. Run it as Administrator (Right-click > Run as Admin).
Windows sometimes assigns COM numbers above 10, which legacy QFIL versions hate.